Palapalai (Hawaiian Fern) is a soft, lacy fern growing in shaded mesic and wet forests. Its fronds spread in dense patches and reproduce by spores. It stabilizes soil and provides microhabitats for forest life. Palapalai is culturally valued in hula and cleansing rituals and reflects spiritual health and forest integrity (Bishop Museum, Native Plants Hawaii, Ulana ʻIeʻie Tradition Project).